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I am as giddy as a drunken man., Scrooge was better than his word. "His eyes sparkled and his breath smocked.". 'This boy is ignorance.most of all beware the boy"-Stave 3-Ghost of Christmas present Metaphor. The verb 'shrouded' makes explicit reference to death which is reinforced by the 'deep black' of its clothes. He teaches scrooge to learn from his mistakes of his past. I think he wanted to make it accessible to all classes so he could better spread his message. The word 'business' reflects Scrooge's earlier response to the portly gentlemen. A description of the school house that Scrooge was left in as a child, by his family. Pre-modified adjectives create a sensory description -they remind scrooge of the delights of generosity and how it will create happiness. but stopped at the first syllable', Repeated phrase (Juxtaposition and patterning), Stave 5: 'Hear me! Bob describes his crippled son. A description of the ghost of Christmas present. Shows Bob's place of work, and shows scrooges harsh treatment on him. A Christmas Carol Stave 4 Summary & Analysis | LitCharts Only financial gain. 'He did it all, and infinitely more; and to Tiny Tim, who did NOT die, he was a second father. - Scrooge, Ever idiot who goes around with merry xmas on his lips should be buried with a stake of holly through his heart, The use of nature with a type of plant typically seen around christmas time makes scrooges comment even more menacing saying that they should kill him with the very thing that is giving him happiness in that certain period.- Scrooge. Setting includes not only the physical surroundings, but also the ideas, customs, values, and beliefs of a particular time and place. The verb sparkled has magical and positive connotations, shows Fred is the antithesis of scrooge. As readers, Dickens is allowing us to reflect on how far Scrooge has come in learning the lesson - and perhaps asking us to reflect on our own learning. Towards the end of the book, Scrooge has clearly learnt that fact and decides to spend his remaining days sharing his time, his wealth, and enjoying the fruits of his fellow men. Key Quotations and analysis A Christmas Carol.docx - A And perhaps its because we know the story so well, or maybe because it is pretty obvious, most readers will probably understand that they are in fact commenting on Scrooge. Bob said he didnt believe there ever was such a goose cooked., About Tiny Tim: If these shadows remain unaltered by the Future, the child will die., Bob Cratchit: Ill give you Mr Scrooge, the Founder of the Feast., About Ignorance and Want: This boy is Ignorance. Stave 4 - About Scrooge's grave: Hangman - Try to complete the word by picking the correct letters. The last line of A Christmas Carol is God bless us, everyone. Its spoken by the well-loved character Tiny Tim. ". Studying Charles Dickens' 'A Christmas Carol'? A happy New Year to all the world! Family Theme Analysis. The Spirit pointed from the grave to him, and back again. The Christmas Spirit I am sure I have always thought of Christmas time as a good time; a kind, forgiving, charitable, pleasant time the only time when men and women seem by one consent to open their shut-up hearts freely, and to think of people below them as if they really were fellow-passengers. Throughout the book, Dickens makes use of metaphors, personification, imagery, and more. This is another quote where Dickens draws on the semantic field of the cold weather. The simile shows Bobs wealth in his family; he values them more than money and so is content with their love. Here, we get the image of a country that is united during this time of year; a place where Christmas and Britishness are inextricably linked, which would have been incredibly popular for a Victorian audience who were in the throws of empire building. He spreads joy over all like a force of nature. " Scrooge entered timidly and hung . The repetition of the word 'little' reinforces to the reader how young and innocent and undeserving of death was Tiny Tim. "The noisy little Cratchit's were as still as status". in Its progressive form. This is the image of rich men who are shown to ridicule Scrooge after his death.The rich are presented as unfeeling and callous- their physical ugliness reflects the lack of generosity in their spirits. Watching Scrooge forge his own invisible chain served as part of Marley's punishment for his deeds in life. Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents. Stave 3 - Tiny Tim Foul weather didnt know where to have him. Total Abstinence Principle more hilarious punning from Dickens. Part of the reason that A Christmas Carol is so widely studied is the abundance of different themes that it touches upon. Without the trauma from Scrooges youth and the death of his sister, Fran, its unlikely that he wouldve become the person that he did. Dickens was familiar with the terrible working conditions of the poor and campaigned for education of children. The father of a long, long line of brilliant laughs. 'Scrooge was his sole executor, his sole assign, his sole residuary legatee, his sole friend and sole mourner'. Bovey, Lee-James "A Christmas Carol Themes and Analysis " Book Analysis, https://bookanalysis.com/charles-dickens/a-christmas-carol/themes-and-analysis/. This is clearly not possible. There is a very real suggestion that Scrooge knows that the people are describing him. International House, 24 Holborn Viaduct,London, EC1A 2BN, United Kingdom, 2023 Book Analysis. 4 major themes of this novel are forgiveness, the influence of the past, greed, and poverty. A Christmas Carol is the story of Ebenezer Scrooge, a stingy, cruel, wealthy, old bachelor.The book opens with a funeral. Whereas the line about being solitary as an oyster suggests that Scrooge refuses to let anybody into his life. A Christmas Carol: Study Guide | SparkNotes Stave 4 - in the rag 'n' bone man's shop The common welfare was my business; charity, mercy, forbearance, and benevolence, were, all, my business. Themes= greed and generosity/ time. This quote from Fred shows him having opposing views to his uncle scrooge, Fred tries to make Scrooge someone who enjoys christmas however it is not him that makes scrooge appreciate it. The noun cell has connotations of Bob being imprisoned by scrooge. ', "Darkness is cheap, and Scrooge liked it.". He did it all and infinitely more; and to Tiny Tim, who did NOT die, he was a second father., He knew how to keep Christmas well, if any man alive possessed the Knowledge.. He is described as been so dislike that even the weather is better in that at least it 'comes down' gracefully. The ghost of Christmas future symbolizes death and the mistakes that are sure to haunt him after his death. The use of the word 'alone' is repeated showing again that selfishness will lead to a life of loneliness. These cover themes like wealth, poverty, Christmas, and kindness. Stave 2 - the spirit takes him to past Christmases including seeing Scrooge alone at school. Y. A happy New Year to all the world. Theme= poverty/greed and generosity. ", 'A frosty rime was on his head, and on his eyebrows, and his wiry chin. It would have done you good to see how green a place it is., Bob Cratchit about Freds kindness: It really seemed as if he had known our Tiny Tim, and felt with us., About Scrooges grave: overrun by grass and weeds., Scrooge on what he has learnt: I will not shut out the lessons that they teach., Scrooge: The Spirits of all Three shall strive within me., Scrooge: I am as light as a feather, I am a happy as an angel, I am as merry as a school-boy. Bovey, Lee-James "A Christmas Carol Quotes " Book Analysis, https://bookanalysis.com/charles-dickens/a-christmas-carol/quotes/. As it is used in line 32 , the word reticent means the opposite of. Inclusive now of society - not isolated and solitary. "The happiness he gives, is quite as great as if it costs a fortune.". Themes= greed and generosity/ time. Who suffers? phrase on the line at the right. sungiemarie. He looked so irresistibly pleasant, in a word, that three or four good-humoured fellows said, "Good morning, sir. Whatever the book. Charles Dickens only really scratched the surface of this. A Christmas Carol Quotes | Course Hero As we will later learn, his bitterness originates at Christmas time and has warped his perspective of it. Tail has connotations of the devil- reinforcing evil image. Dr Aidan, PhD, brings you the second video in his 'A Christmas Carol' series, looking here at the role and importance of the ghosts in this story. The use of light throughout the novel suggests the truth/ the right path which Scrooge at first does not want to see. Copyright2007 - 2023 Revision World Networks Ltd. ". A Christmas Carol Key Quotes Major Themes Major characters How to revise effectively Isolation and loneliness Ebenezer Scrooge One mistake people often make is to try to revise EVERYTHING. Hes comparing Cratchits actual body temperature to Scrooges personality. His selfish ways have left him this way. Spirit! he cried, tight clutching at his robe, hear me! The workers will be repairing the building. Key quotes from A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens. Note the use of the adjective poor to describe Bob Cratchit. The portly gentlemen are also instrumental in delivering Dickens' message. Without the ghost of Christmas future, Scrooge wouldve been unlikely to change. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Key quotes from a Christmas Carol- Stave 2, A Christmas Carol Vocabulary, A Christmas Car, myPerspectives, English Language Arts, Grade 8, myPerspectives: English Language Arts, California (Grade 9, Volume 1), myPerspectives: English Language Arts, Grade 7, myPerspectives: Grade 10, Volume 2 California Edition, A Christmas Carol - quotation analysis-Stave. The multiple similes emphasise Scrooge's joy and elation at his second chance. "Reeked with crime, and filth, and misery". Tiny Tim is frequently referred to in Christian terms - as though his true goodness is close to God. 'A Christmas Carol' Key Quotations Stave 5 Analysis Term 1 / 5 "I am light as a feather, I am as happy as an angel, I am as merry as a schoolboy. Themes= Christmas/greed and generosity/family. enthusiastic- "a merry Christmas uncle. They were a boy and girl. Thus Dickens is ending with the message that we can all change our selfish ways and be a positive influence. The Fezziwigs throw a party and treat everyone the same - no matter their status. Ultimately he tries to extinguish the ghost's light. She looked at me as if I had insulted her. Themes= time/Christmas/generosity and forgiveness. Scrooge makes explicit reference to the Malthusian idea that the population must decrease in order to create better conditions. Stave 1 - description of Scrooge's relationship with Marley. "', The ghost of Christmas present focuses greatly on the Crachit family and how, despite their poor financial situation, In the Victorian era, family and family time were extremely important, particularly around Christmas, ' A Merry Christmas to us all, my dears. But I have made the trial in homage to Christmas, and. A Christmas Carol quotes and analysis Flashcards | Quizlet A description of how the Cratchit family mourned the death of Tiny Tim. The declarative 'will' conveys certainty showing how urgent it is that Scrooge change. Quotes (A Christmas Carol) - GCSE English Literature Revision The shortness of the main clause at the end makes the message more shocking. Here, readers are exposed to the ghost of Christmas yet to come. The ghost breaks the news to Scrooge that the person whose death has been talked about so callously was his own. In Victorian times, most of the readers would have been christian and would therefore heap additional judgement on Scrooge who needs to repent. Family Theme in A Christmas Carol | LitCharts Of course, the suggestion that people might be talking about him is beastly to Scrooge. Themes= greed and generosity of the poor. uses long and short clauses to show how busy they are. The reader does not know that Tim has died, so Dickens foreshadows his death through the use of the simile. The boy is ignorace - the lack of education and the girl is want - the lack of money. Dickens clearly uses them to represent what employment should be like. These compare with the bells at the start of the novel, signifying the hellish arrival of Marley's ghost. Who suffers by his ill whims? A merry Christmas to everybody! He carried his own low temperature always about with him', 'No warmth could warm, no wintry weather chill him', 'It was cold, bleak, biting weather: foggy withal', 'Scrooge had a very small fire, but the clerk's fire was so very much smaller that it looked like one coal. He listens for the church bell but when it comes, it strikes twelve. "Crown of its head there sprung a bright clear jet of light." Description of the Ghost of Christmas Past, Stave 2, this ghost is much less scary than Marley which symbolises the innocence of childhood. Repetition of 'chuckle' emphasises Scrooge's newfound delight in giving. He became as good a friend, as good a master, and as good a man, as the good old city knew, or any other good old city, town, or borough, in the good old world.'. 'Dressed out but poorly in a twice-turned gown, but brave in ribbons'. ", cynical- "what's Christmas time to you but a time for paying bills without money", Isolated- "secret and self-contained, and solitary like an oyster. In what ways did Louis XV differ from Louis XIV? Scrooge realises that his love with money is the reason he pushed everyone away. This use of listing to describe everything as 'good' helps to demonstrate the far reaching consequences of Scrooge's redemption. Mrs Cratchit, although poor, represents the family's will to make the best of things - to celebrate in spite of their poverty. The two children are the personification of man's ills - ignorance and want. Of course, Dickens does use his trademark lengthy descriptions but nearly everything has a point. Stave 1 - description of Marley's ghost This compares directly with the explicit description of Scrooge at the start of the novel where even beggars will not speak to him. The key theme for Dickens is that money does not lead to happiness, Greed is the single factor that is responsible for the breakup of Scrooge's marriage, 'Another idol has displaced me a golden one', Stave 2: 'The happiness he gives, is quite as great as if it cost a fortune', The Cratchit family are used as a depiction of a family in poverty, More than any other time in history there was a huge divide between classes, the lower classes lived in deperate poverty and were in want while the upper classes enjoyed a life of luxury, Stave 1: 'Many thousands are in want of common necessities, sir and many hundreds of thousands are in want of common comforts', Scrooge's staff selling off his old goods, Victorian aristocracy were very keen to remain ignorant about the sufferings of the poor. A Christmas Carol: The Ghost of Christmas Present Quotes - SparkNotes However, inside that shell - like Scrooge - the oyster is soft and vulnerable. Th onomatopoeia here makes the bells sound particularly noise -and yet Scrooge sees them as 'glorious' which is suggestive of noises from heaven. Ghost of Christmas Present, Stave 3, he warns that if Scrooge doesn't change himself that "doom" will be in his future. Does this line support or contradict the speaker's statement in the final stanza, "Nothing really happened"? This mirrors the Victorian rich's attitude to the poor. Scrooge is not unfortunate in the way of relatives - he has a family awaiting his . 'The Ghosts' in A Christmas Carol (Key Quotes & Analysis) Stave 1 - Scrooge's response to the gentlemen saying that people would rather die than go to the workhouse. A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens | Characters, Quotes, & Analysis Themes= Christmas/greed and generosity/family. " ``Are there no workhouses? Scrooge's grave, by comparison to Tiny Tim's is 'overrun by weeds'. I will live in the Past, the Present, and the Future. Stave 1 - description of Scrooge's house However, this in itself would probably not have been enough to alter his ways. In this quote, Dickens describes London as a dark and dangerous place. Description of the Ghost of Christmas Past, Stave 2, the holly symbolises Christmas. ', Stave 1: 'that the spirit within him should walk abroad among his fellowmen, and travel far and wide; and if that spirit goes not forth in life, it is condemned to do so after death. Dickens creates sympathy for the poor, through the Crachit's and their tight knit family. "Tonight, if you have aught to teach me, let me profit by it.". Oh! A Christmas Carol Stave 2 Summary & Analysis | LitCharts Im sure you will all e familiar with the one percent statistic. When he sees Tiny Tim and his jubilance despite his disadvantages, Scrooge cannot help but feel compassion and by association guilt, as he has seen from the effect Fezziwg had on his staff that he could have a similar influence on Tiny Tim. Privacy Policy, https://bookanalysis.com/charles-dickens/a-christmas-carol/themes-and-analysis/. For a start, there is the use of ghosts throughout. Analysing the evidence "I am sorry, with all my heart, to find you so resolute. "[He called out in a] comfortable,oily, rich. The use of nature with a type of plant typically seen around christmas time makes scrooges comment even more menacing saying that they should kill him with the very thing that is giving him happiness in that certain period.- Scrooge If they would rather die, they had better do it and decrease the surplus population. Summary. the strength of Scrooge's dismay about hearing his own words repeated back to him is reinforced through the use of the nouns, penitence and grief. This scene is very clever as well because not only does seeing the Fezziwigs party give Scrooges character the chance to see how much power he wields and how that influence could be used but it also offers us the opportunity to see some of the aspects that shaped Scrooge into the person that he was. ``My little child!''. Stave 2 - Scrooge's response to the ghost saying that it was only a small thing that Fezziwig did. Dickens also suggests that, through his adoration of a false god, he is no longer a good christian. With key quotes \u0026 analysis, this video provides an ideal format to gain a greater understanding of this novella in a matter of minutes. This is evident in his early relationship with his nephew Fred. Pathetic fallacy - Scrooge can see now clearly - reinforced by the adjectives juxtaposing the foggy, misty scenes of earlier chapters when Scrooge could not see the error of his ways. Fan is portrayed with affection - and her term of endearment shows that Scrooge has known affection. Stave 2 - the Fezziwig's party ffects the change, pulling the curtains aside with his own hand. By this stage, Scrooge has already begun to see the error of his ways and has realised that he will benefit from the messages he is receiving and so he begins to take agency over the situation. The description of Marley's ghost has his chain wound about him. The adjective monstrous, creates a negative impression of the man, almost evil, and reinforces Dickens message that it was the ignorance of the rich that created many society's problems. A frosty rime was on his head, and on his eyebrows, and his wiry chin. * The use of pathetic fallacy shows that he is in direct opposition to anyone who tries to help him. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Exhausted- "i cannot rest,i cannot stay, i cannot linger anywhere.". This has a double meaning both as a sympathetic term of endearment and also the fact that thanks to Scrooge the man is literally poor. It is uncared for just as he was uncared for, gasping out his last alone. Dickens uses the scene to allow the reader to feel sorry for the child 'Scrooge' whose loneliness was not by choice - although the adult Scrooge's is. The idea that we are all 'fellow passengers' serves to emphasise the idea of the transience of life - we are all going to die some day so we are more similar than we are different. a squeezing, wrenching . Fred in A Christmas Carol - Characters - AQA - BBC Bitesize God bless us!, At the time people rid themselves of any guilt by blaming the poor for the fact they were poor. The heaviest rain, and snow, and hail, and sleet, could boast of the advantage over him in only one respect. AQA English Revision - Key Quotes LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in A Christmas Carol, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work. No wind that blew was bitterer than he, no falling snow was more intent upon its purpose, no pelting rain less open to entreaty. This symbolises his generosity and air of festivity. The ghost of christmas present is showing the two children that hide in his cloak and he says that the problems these children portray are the problems of mankind. Whatever the book. We can infer that the only other person he cared for was Marley and even that wasn't really because of a friendship. Dickens wished to educate people about the personal consequences of maintaining such an attitude, Scrooge's former staff can be seen selling of his old things as they were not paid sufficiently when he was alive, Stave 1/3: 'If he be like to die, he better do it and decrease the surplus population', Stave 3: 'wretched, abject, frightful, hideous, miserable', Stave 3: 'The girl is ignorance, the boy is want', 'it is more than usually desirable that we should make some slight provision for the Poor and destitute, who suffer greatly at the present time. The list of adjectives show his wealth but also his warmth and generosity towards others. The verbs suggest age, disfiguration and pain suggesting how unnatural their conditions are that have led to this. Scrooge is presented as a miserly character - his money does not even bring him any happiness. The list of verbs, gives the spirit a threatening air- this is compounded by the fact that he does not speak to scrooge at all. Fred, as Scrooge's foil, is a kind, forgiving character who is determined to give Scrooge the same chance every year. But, they were happy, grateful, pleased with one another and contented with the time. The fog has lifted and Scrooge can 'see' the truth. Here, Scrooge is talking about Fezziwig and how he uses his wealth to lift others up. The adjectives squeezing and wrenching, etc., relate to how one should imagine him with money, refusing to let go of his wealth. Did the Anglo-Saxon period last between 449 and 1066? Oh, glorious, glorious! Yellow, meagre, ragged, scowling, wolfish. This is where the clerk lives. All rights reserved. It was a worthy place. Hallo!". Stave 5 - Scrooge's reaction to discovering it is not too late The ribbons are her means of dressing more festively. Setting can help create an atmosphere or mood in a literary work. The repetition of the adjective 'good' reinforces this idea. This is fitting because it is traditionally colder at Christmas but also because the cold is an apt metaphor for Scrooges personality. One interesting feature of this stave relates to the fact that two people die in it: Scrooge and Tiny Tim: the richest and the poorest people in the book. Imagery of warmth has symbolism of generosity, compassion and forgiveness- Fred always makes a effort with scrooge. Money 5. Stave 5 - Scrooge walks the streets enjoying the company of others. I am not the man I was', When Scrooge sees the name on the gravestone, he realises that time for change is limited, The ghost of Christmas past shows Scrooge some memories that may have been lost to time, Stave 2: 'each one connected with a thousand thoughts, and hopes, and joys, and cares long forgotten', Stave 4: 'Are these the shadows of the things that Will be, or are they shadows of things that May be, only? The description of the children is designed to shock the reader. The description of the figure who is both like a child and like an old man, is suggestive of the journey that the ghost takes him on. patience and hope fro them. The metaphor shows the are poor but make the best of a bad situation, always smiling and showing they are grateful for what little they have. The idea that they shake hands with each person 'individually' shows the humanity with which they treat everyone - they do not see the poor as 'creatures' A Christmas Carol Charles Dickens On this page, readers can explore the quotes, they are broadly separated into a few sub-categories. However, it could also be argued that ignorance reflects the lack of education of the poor. This again leads back to Dickens' idea of collective responsibility - that everything that we do influences others. Stave 3 - the Cratchits "It was long and wound about him like a til.". Scrooges offences carry their own punishments. Scrooge can see the error of his ways and then acts accordingly to become a better person. The final ghost appears as a phantom a spectre dressed in black: clearly an image of The Grim Reaper himself. Representing Victorian society. Marley 2. Clash, clang, hammer; ding, dong, bell! He always did.". Imagery of warmth has symbolism of generosity, compassion and forgiveness- Fred always makes a effort with scrooge. The gothic was a popular genre in the Victorian age and would have seemed fitting for a ghost story to Victorian readers. Home Charles Dickens A Christmas Carol Themes and Analysis. 1. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. Scrooge will avoid spirits for the rest of his life geddit? This quote is trying to say that Marley should've cared more about the people rather than his business - Marley, This opposes to the way that he conveyed his feelings to everyone at the start of the novel this shows his change and how he improved by the end, Therefore I am about to raise your salary, This shows a strong change in scrooges character as at the start of the novel with the 2 gentleman he was not willing to donate any money to them and now he is raising Bob Cratchits salary, This shows Tiny Tim's appreciation of Scrooge even when his mother doesnt think that scrooge deserves the praise, Another idol has displaced me a golden one. ". Themes= time/Christmas, "A solitary child, neglected by his friends.". The Spirits of all Three shall strive within me. Instead, once you know and understand the plot, a great idea is to pick three or four major themes, and three or four major characters, and revise them in great detail. This may be a way of showing what Dickens thinks should be happening. The entrance of Scrooge 's nephew Fred at the beginning of the story introduces another side to the miser. For characters like Fred and Bob Cratchit, Christmas represents the Christian ideal of goodness and moral prosperity, but Scrooge is at his most miserly when Christmas is mentioned. Stave 5 - Scrooge's reaction to discovering it is not too late The ghost of Christmas presents it sitting on a throne of food. Stave 3 - Scrooge asks if Tiny Tim will live, having been moved by his goodness. PDF A Christmas Carol - Holy Trinity Academy, Telford