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A historical map of the ancient Sumerian Empire would have a date range of between 5,000 B.C. The rainfall here is around 1131 mm | 44.5 inch per year. See answer (1) Best Answer. Because such fires happen annually, there is no great buildup of dry fuel in the bush, and so the fires are not usually devastating. Zambia covers a total area of 752,612 km2 including borders, and lies between 8 and 18 south latitudes and longitudes 22 and 34 east. Distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes, Effects of earthquakes and volcanoes on people and the environment, Reducing the impacts of earthquakes and volcanoes, Population and settlement iGCSE Geography, The main causes of a change in population size, A country with a rate of high population growth China, A country which is over-populated Bangladesh, A country which is under-populated Australia, A country with a low rate of population growth or decline Japan. kcse past papers english language past papers flat and/or in low-lying areas. Through Strategic National Program Support, the PPCR is helping to make climate change an intrinsic part of economic development, while adopting a participatory, learning-by-doing response to Zambia's most vulnerable areas. It moves southwards in the second half of the year, and northwards in the first half of the year. The country does not suffer tornadoes or cyclones of widespread destructive force. Researched evidence suggested that temperature was likely to increase by 1.82oC and rainfall reduce by 0.87 percentage points by 2050. History has shown us that the rains are Image by BBC. Three climate regions are recognized based on rainfall dynamics and vegetation: Region 1: Tropical savannas covering the country's major valleys, including the driest areas of Zambia, with annual rainfall below 600m m. The plan is concerned with both the development of gender-responsive actions in response to climate change and the capacity to implement such plans. As a result, rainfall totals of over 1,600 mm per year occur in the west of the UK. What are the physical characteristics of cold environments? Usually the days in November are hot while the nights are a bit cooler. Warm air is pushed up and over the terrain and cools at the higher altitude, producing . The best is that Maphill enables you to look at the same country from many different angles. This causes air to cool and moisture in the air to condense into rainfall. Month. Climate information for Zambia including average temperature, rain and snowfall totals. Open a list of all cookies. Camerapix: "Spectrum Guide to Zambia." How has urbanisation helped Nigeria to develop? The ecoregion has suffered extensive deforestation, especially in the highly urbanised Copperbelt Province due to charcoal production and clearing for farming, the centre of Central Province (for farming and ranching), and around Kasama and Mansa (charcoal production and chitemene farming). To identify risk factors associated with death from cholera, a case-control mortality study was conducted during January 12-March 26, 2018, with 32 . necta biology past paper Rainfall is the amount of water falling in rain, snow, etc., within a given time and area, usually expressed as a hypothetical depth of coverage. The modifying influence of altitude gives the country pleasant subtropical weather rather than tropical conditions for most of the year. Relief. How have plants adapted to cold environments? Before the floods, more than 2.3 million people were expected to be severely food . Climate and specifically rainfall amount is the . Convectional Rainfall. The elevation of the great central African plateau on which Zambia is located, typically between 1000 and 1300 metres, modifies temperatures, which are lower than for coastal areas at the same latitude, and pleasant for much of the year. This chain is exploited by birds in their migration and in former times, animals also migrated along the chain. Temperatures are higher at lower elevations, such as the Luapula-Mweru and Mweru-Wantipa/Tanganyika valleys in the north, and highest in the lower Luangwa and Zambezi valleys in the south, typically experiencing 40C in October. Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests biome, Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome, Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic, Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests, Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands. On the flat central African plateau the woodland is interspersed with dambos, grassy wetlands forming the headwaters and margins of rivers which may make up to 30% of the ecoregion and which increase biodiversity of the ecoregion. Relief is being provided to . In higher rainfall areas of Zambia the proportion and size of trees are at the higher extreme for this biome, with a canopy covering up to 40% of the ground and trees often exceeding 10 m in height. Clouds form, and precipitation occurs. Economic opportunities and challenges in Lagos. The dry season is influenced by the Harmattan wind from the Sahara. As the air rises, it cools, condenses and forms rain. The result has This saturated cloud with water vapor begins to The views are spectacular from both the Zambian and Zimbabwean sides of the falls, and it is now a great time to book a helicopter flight over the falls. Some of 58 per cent of Zambia's . How has the growth of Lagos caused inequality? Results when near saturated, warm maritime air is forced to rise by a coastal mountain barrier. Tours, Mozambique If you've found the resources on this site useful please consider making a secure donation via PayPal to support the development of the site. The situation could deteriorate in the days ahead, with Zambia expected to experience heavy rains, according to the countrys Meteorological Department, with the potential for flash floods in Mufumbwe, Kasempa, Kabwe, Lusaka, Siavonga, Gwembe and Chipata districts. form four topics kcse history notes Rainfall at Kabwe is stable over long periods of time but varies considerably in the short term over periods of approximately 8 and 4 years. Waterspouts can be seen over lakes. In Ndola, the climate is warm and temperate. We're expecting roughly 8 to 15 days of rain, so your rubber boots and . Water quality and pollution management in the UK. history notes Hence, the need of the country to always have enough maize in stock. history of South Africa Erosion and the washing out of roads and bridges are common. . Lusaka - Average precipitation. Thus they produce a Rain shadow area. So far, any impact that climate change may have had generally on regional rainfall cannot be distinguished from natural variations. During the rainy season months of November to April or May some days may be humid, but daily maximum temperatures are usually a little lower than in the hot dry season. Zambia has not been spared from the scourge of land degradation especially during the past ten (10) years. The River Tees landforms of erosion and deposition, Case Study Ganges/Brahmaputra River Basin, Geological time is on a different time to human time, Different rocks create contrasting landforms and landscapes. kcse geography Why is there a trend towards agribusiness? Afternoon temperatures are around 26C/78F and the humidity is high. Along the banks of permanent rivers and in the spray of waterfalls are evergreen thickets similar in character to tropical rainforest, relics of a wetter past. Which landforms result from moving or melting ice? The annual cycle of rainfall over Zambia (Fig.2) indicates that the rainfall season lies between November and March (NDJFM) over . agriculture Frontal rainfall. 1,015mm (39.96 inches). What are the air masses that affect the UK? The best time to visit Zambia is from May to August. The dominant genus, Cryptosepalum, is a tree in the legume family. Zambia also undertook a study which showed that the country has lost Its is believed the Khoisan people groups originated in East Africa and spread southwards around 150,000 years ago. Rainfall and recharge to a dolomite aquifer in a semi-arid climate at Kabwe, Zambia. Coastal Environments CPD Erosional Landforms, Coastal Management and Fieldwork on the Holderness Coast, Coastal Environments CPD Erosional Erosion, Coastal Management, Deposition and Fieldwork on the Holderness Coast, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Internet Geography Plus Terms and Conditions. Specific Objectives: (i) To investigate the spatial and temporal characteristics of seasonal (NDJFM) . In Zambia this biome is represented by only one ecoregion in a few patches, covering around 5% of the land area. Highland areas to the west receive the most annual rainfall compared to the low-lying areas in the east. As a country with very distinct rainy and dry seasons, with a high rainfall in the former, and having a fairly flat topography, Zambian rivers and low-lying areas are prone to flooding, and there are extensive permanent swamps. Zambia Meteorological Department GENERAL SITUATION Generally, much of Zambia is likely to receive Normal to Above Normal rainfall during the 2019/2020 rainfall season. The leeward side is sometimes known as a rain shadow area. During the rainy season months of November to April or May some days may be humid, but daily maximum temperatures are usually a little lower than in the hot dry season. Hydrol., 59: 173--187. The southern and western areas of the country have this year experienced their lowest rainfall since 1981, as well . Indeed, the government buys maize from the farmers through the Food Reserve Agency (FRA) for two purposes: for resale to millers in case of a shortage and for relief in hunger stricken areas. Most of Zambia forms part of the high plateau of this part of Africa (3,000 to 5,000 feet [900 to 1,500 metres] above sea level).Major relief features occur where river valleys and rifted troughs, some lake-filled, dissect its surface. Rain clouds gather over grain silos in the grain-producing region of the Overberg . The biomes and ecoregions in the ecology of Zambia are described, listed and mapped here, following the World Wildlife Fund's classification scheme for terrestrial ecoregions, and the WWF freshwater ecoregion classification for rivers, lakes and wetlands. None of the country is arid. Elsewhere, plants and animals are adapted to the long dry season. The southern African nation of Zambia is experiencing a food crisis, with nearly 2.3 million Zambians at risk of facing starvation as a result of low rainfall. J. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Zambia Seasons | Weather in Zambia - VentureCo Worldwide", "Flooding and Climate Change: Everything You Need to Know", "Climate of Zambia - By The Zambian For Zambia", "which specific area in zambia usually has relief rainfall", "Rainfall trends and variation in the Maasai Mara ecosystem and their implications for animal population and biodiversity dynamics", "LUSAKA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT Climate Normals 1961-1990", National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, "Livingstone MET Climate Normals 19611990", "Impacts of climate change on agriculture and household welfare in Zambia: an economy-wide analysis", International Union for Conservation of Nature, Climate Change Gender Action Plan of the Republic of Zambia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Climate_of_Zambia&oldid=1136190768, Articles needing additional references from January 2008, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2023, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Source 2: Meteo Climat (record highs and lows). Thirsty animals crowd around the waterholes and rivers to drink. 15,306 views. civics past papers Lower average altitudes characterize most of the areas in the North. As a result, rainfall is usually low on the leeward side of the mountain range and the area is said to be in a rain shadow. Convection makes the air rise and cool. Figure 5 Extent of Desertification in Zambia Figure 6 Annual Rainfall (mm) per Province Figure 7 Maize production (kg) from 1987 to 1999 . None of the country is considered arid or to be desert. It can occur almost Plants, animals and people have evolved to this cycle which in Zambia has been fairly reliable, and it brings a number of ecological advantages which promote biodiversity. Six ecoregions are represented of which the first four listed below are woodland savannas, consisting of a grass cover 12 m high, and hardwood deciduous trees and/or hardwood shrubs, which range in ground coverage from 'scattered' to 'abundant'. PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Population Zambia's population is about 10.9 million (2004), of which 64 percent is rural (Table 1). The process starts when the sun heats the ground. What are the different types of weathering? Opportunities and Challenges in the Sahara Desert, Opportunities and Challenges in the Thar Desert, Opportunities and Challenges in the Western Desert. The . does not contain personal information, cannot be traced back to you, and, Lusakas Climate Compared to Zambias Parks, Zambia Here are some average weather facts we collected from our historical climate data: During the month of February, March, April, May, June, July and August you are most likely to experience good weather with pleasant average temperatures that fall between 20 degrees Celsius (68F) and 25 degrees Celsius (77F). The climate is also determined by wind pattern, relief(how high the place is) etc. The yield gap between actual yields and . population studies Agriculture, fishery and forestry, which account for 20 per cent of Zambian GDP, shrunk by 2.6 per cent in 2001. We advocate for effective and principled humanitarian action by all, for all. For animals, adaptations to drought are seen in migration and breeding patterns, as well as the ability, found in rodents and reptiles especially, to obtain water requirements from food without the need to drink. Types of Rainfall. These losses reach as high as US$7.1 billion under Zambias worst rainfall scenario. This warm, moist air then rises, and as it rises, it cools. website is used, as well as Advertising and social media cookies (including cookies from trusted Due to high rainfall and bad roads, the Wet season months from December to March are not ideal for visiting Zambia. In the north, rain only falls from June to September in the range of 500 mm to 750 mm. At that time many camps in Kafue, Lower Zambezi and the more remote parks shut down. How have animals adapted to cold environments? Zambia is right in the tropics and gets lots of rain in the Wet season (November to April). Peshawar is a rain fed area and gets western depression rain in winter and also receives rain from monsoon in summer. Three types of rainfall are: Convectional rainfall, this type of rainfall occurs due to thermal convention due to heating of the ground surface. Zambia has a predominantly humid subtropical climate with small patches of semi-arid steppe in the southwest of the country. Landforms in the middle course of a river. At higher altitudes it can get a bit cooler. How has the vegetation in the temperate deciduous forest adapted to the climate? They all help to determine the kind of soils in an area. Almera in Spain: a large-scale agricultural development, Sustainable Food Supplies in an LIC Bangladesh. By clicking Accept you agree that we use Analytical cookies for gathering information about how our Therefore, a Climate Change Gender Action Plan was published by the government in 2018. When the Sun heats the Earth's surface, the ground heats the air above it. The annual Latitude is only one factor which determines the climate or even simply the rainfall pattern, temperature pattern etc. Camerapix: "Spectrum Guide to Zambia." Relief rainfall is formed when the air cools as it rises over relief features in the landscape such as hills or mountains. (4) J2002 Much of population is concentrated in the country's most developed areaknown as the Line of Railwhich is served by the railway linking the Copperbelt with . As a result, rainfall totals of over 1,600 mm per year occur in the . Safaris & Tours, Botswana Leguminous tree species dominate, which are deciduous, losing leaves in the dry season and producing a flush of new leaves, often reddish, just before the onset of the rains.